The speaker will be able to demonstrate integrity by establishing ethical behavior. There is a saying that is, "Don't do anything that you wouldn't be proud to have showcased on the front page of the newspaper".
This is a good rule of thumb to follow if a speaker is ever unsure about what might or might not be ethical and show integrity. A speaker can also showcase their integrity by being honest and giving credit to outside sources and other people's work. Competence is possessing knowledge, skill. An audience will likely have a higher uptake of pursing the action proposed when it is clear that the speaker is competent in the matter they are addressing.
This can be established through a blend of education and experience, with the purpose of getting the audience to believe the arguments made are credible. The topic the speaker chooses should be something the speaker is comfortable and knowledgeable about, in order to establish competence with the audience. Being relationally sensitive means that the speaker is understanding and empathetic of the audience's interests and values.
The speaker will establish their openness to the audience's thoughts and opinions by being careful not to ridicule or put down those values and interests. Instead, they will avoid using persuasion techniques through coercion, and show their commitment and openness to the audience's freedom of thought and value.
Possessing sound judgement means a speaker is able to assess a situation with an unbiased, and draw fair conclusions from the information. A speaker will be able to establish their sense of good judgment when they are able to analyze a situation with a clear mind and no bias, and make a decision that is suitable and likely benefits the maximum amount of people.
The audience will be more open to suggestion and persuasion when they are able to see that the speaker has unclouded and sound judgment, and that they will not lead the audience down an unsuitable path with the action proposed.
Being likeable is the ability for a speaker to enter the room and have an easy going personality that makes them easy to warm up to and trust. Likeable people have an ability to please an audience, and are often quite charismatic. Finally, possibly one of the most important traits of a speaker who is looking to build trust and a relationship is being likeable. This is the first trait that the audience will notice, and it will make their decision to trust the speaker easier.
With that being said, a valid and competent argument may also sway the audience to take the action. However, it will be a far easier sell if the audience likes the person speaking. Likeability has the ability on its own to create trust between the audience and the speaker, and is an important factor in a speaker's repertoire.
Motivating people to take on any particular action is a challenging task, and it almost always requires some sort of logical or passionate argument in order to be effective.
Often when an ethos appeal is successfully used to motivate people to take up in action, there is a subconscious mechanism at work, which can be attributed to Expert and Referent Power. Ronald H. Humphrey wrote in Effective Leadership, Theory, Cases and Applications that there are five five bases of power, including reward power, coercive power, legitimate power, expert power, and referent power.
Expert power is the power a person has over others due to their perceived level of expertise or knowledge. A speaker may not necessarily need to have either of those things, but if a speaker creates an Ethos appeal advertising these qualities, a speaker can gain expert power. People obtain referent power when they appear more friendly, attractive, trustworthy or credible. Referent power is strongly related to the Ethos appeal because it hinges on how the other people perceive the speaker.
They're probably right. Expert power and referent power are the bases of power that stem from a speaker's Ethos appeal. People can be motivated by perception of authority that is not even verbally communicated. In , researchers from University of Texas conducted an experiment where an individual would jaywalk across a street corner while waiting for the light to change. He recorded the number of people who followed after him. The guidelines that follow are provided to help you learn how to become a more believable speaker.
If you want people to believe you, you have to earn their trust. That means getting the facts straight. Research the information you're going to present to make sure it's accurate and make sure you report it correctly.
Practice pronouncing names correctly, and state dates, facts, and quotes accurately. Copy information that you think you might state incorrectly and read it from your notes if necessary. It's not enough just to make a statement, you need to back it up by providing factual information, quoting an expert, or speaking from experience.
The point is, it's not enough to state your ideas, you need to be able to explain why you have those ideas. If you want to be taken seriously, then dress accordingly. Being the worst dressed person in the room just won't do. You don't need to have the most expensive clothes or the most current wardrobe, but do look well groomed. Like it or not, research has determined that people are influenced by the appearance of the speaker. At large conferences, a program with speaker bios is often distributed.
In these materials, you have a chance to share your education and professional background. When you begin your speech, include relevant background that the audience will view as proof of expertise.
A teacher or professor meeting a class on the first day might share background on degrees, professional experience and years teaching. An author of a book typically references the book. In face-to-face communication, your body language and tone of voice have major impact on the message. Use these factors to project a professional presence and command attention. As you talk, stand with a firm but relaxed posture, make eye contact with audience members, show a warm smile, use natural hand gestures and talk with pacing, volume and emphasis.
When you have confidence in your expertise and display it comfortably through effective nonverbal mannerisms, it's easier for your audience to accept your experience as a given. Over the course of your presentation, you gain and maintain credibility by conveying accurate information and backing it up.
Don't state opinions as facts or misstate important points without knowing your message is accurate.
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